RESEARCH & CITATIONS
Mattson M, Hollifield C, Egan CA. Increasing physical activity: implementing bike education. Strategies. (2022) 35(4):9-14. doi: 10.1080/08924562.2022.2069622
Buehler R, Pucher J. Cycling for sustainable cities. Cambridge, MA: MIT Press (2021)
Whitaker ED. The bicycle makes the eyes smile: exercise, aging, and psychophysical well-being in older Italian cyclists. Med Anthropol. (2005) 24'1:1-433. doi: 10.1080 01459740590905633
Zander A, Passmore E, Mason C, Rissel C. Joy, Exercise, enjoyment, getting out: a qualitative study of older people's experience of cycling in Sydney, Australia.
J Environ Public Health. (2013) 2013:547453. doi: 10.1155/2013/547453
Chekroud SR, Gueorguieva R, Zheutlin AB, Paulus M, Krumholz HM, Krystal JH, et al. Association between physical exercise and mental health in 1•2 million individuals in the USA between 2011 and 2015: a cross-sectional study. Lancet Psychiatry. (2018) 5(9):739-46. doi: 10.1016/S2215-0366(18)30227-X
Barton J, Rogerson M. The importance of greenspace for mental health. BJPsych Int. (2017) 14(4):79-81. doi: 10.1192/S2056474000002051
Költö A, Gavin A, Kelly C, Nic Gabhainn S. Transport to school and mental well-being of schoolchildren in Ireland. Int J Public Health. (2021) 66:583613. doi: 10.3389/ijph.2021.583613
Dementyev F, Fish B, Sakyi Opoku NY, Tesfaye L, Chan J, Ortiz L, Montgomery SB, Walker EJ and Wilson SM (2023) Middle school cycling program is associated with improved mental health and wellbeing in adolescents during COVID-19.
Front. Sports Act. Living 5:1255514. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2023.1255514
Individual Health & Wellness - Evidence shows that beginning in preschool and carrying through middle-school, outdoor activity, like cycling, promote physical, social, and neurological development in subjects while improving focus, sleep, metabolism and enthusiasm at school.
Poitras VJ, Gray CE, Borghese MM, Carson V, Chaput JP, Janssen I, Katzmarzyk PT, Pate RR, Connor Gorber S, Kho ME, Sampson M, Tremblay MS. Systematic review of the relationships between objectively measured physical activity and health indicators in school-aged children and youth. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab. 2016 Jun;41(6 Suppl 3):S197-239. doi: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0663. PMID: 27306431.
Donnelly JE, Hillman CH, Castelli D, Etnier JL, Lee S, Tomporowski P, Lambourne K, Szabo-Reed AN. Physical Activity, Fitness, Cognitive Function, and Academic Achievement in Children: A Systematic Review. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2016 Jun;48(6):1197-222. doi: 10.1249/MSS.0000000000000901. PMID: 27182986; PMCID: PMC4874515.
Carson, V., Lee, EY., Hewitt, L. et al. Systematic review of the relationships between physical activity and health indicators in the early years (0-4 years). BMC Public Health 17 (Suppl 5), 854 (2017). https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-017-4860-0
Rasberry CN, Lee SM, Robin L, Laris BA, Russell LA, Coyle KK, Nihiser AJ. The association between school-based physical activity, including physical education, and academic performance: a systematic review of the literature. Prev Med. 2011 Jun;52 Suppl 1:S10-20. doi: 10.1016/j.ypmed.2011.01.027. Epub 2011 Feb 1. PMID: 21291905.
Hillman CH, Erickson KI, Kramer AF. Be smart, exercise your heart: exercise effects on brain and cognition. Nat Rev Neurosci. 2008 Jan;9(1):58-65. doi: 10.1038/nrn2298. PMID: 18094706.
Brussoni, M., Gibbons, R., Gray, C., Ishikawa, T., Sandseter, E., Bienenstock, A., Chabot, G., Fuselli, P., Herrington, S., Janssen, I., Pickett, W., Power, M., Stanger, N., Sampson, M., & Tremblay, M. (2015). What is the Relationship between Risky Outdoor Play and Health in Children? A Systematic Review. International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, 12, 6423 - 6454. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph120606423.
Social Fortitude & Leadership - Cycling and Cohort Learning exposes and facilitates social benefits beyond the classroom. As students move into middle and high school, programming may include field study, volunteer and social innovation projects embracing community leadership and advocacy. (see Appendix C)
Morgan, H., Parker, A., & Marturano, N. (2021). Evoking hope in marginalised youth populations through non-formal education: critical pedagogy in sports-based interventions. British Journal of Sociology of Education, 42(3), 307–322. https://doi.org/10.1080/01425692.2021.1894547
Hutson, Garrett, et al. “Outdoor Adventure Education as a platform for developing environmental leadership.” People and Nature, vol. 6, no. 5, 28 July 2024, pp. 1974–1986, https://doi.org/10.1002/pan3.10699.
Clanton, Thomas; Chancellor, Charles; Pinckney, Harrison; and Balidemaj, Venera (2023) "Examining Youth Bicycle Programming Through the Empowerment- Based Youth Development Model," Journal of Youth Development: Vol. 18: Iss. 1, Article 4. DOI: 10.34068/JYD.18.01.04
Hoffman, M. F., Hayes, S., & Napolitano, M. A. (2013). Urban Youths’ Experiences and Perceptions of a Community Cycling Initiative. Urban Studies, 51(2), 300-318. https://doi.org/10.1177/0042098013489741
Life Pathways Explored - The continuity of a bicycle from preschool through high school and college, can expose and guide youth toward professional o trade pathways inspired by wheeled mobility, bicycle utility, human health and physiology. While physics, engineering and science can be introduced and explored in the context of our bicycle centric programming. (see Citations)
“Setting the Wheels in Motion: New Stemcyclists Summer Camp Transforms Stem Learning.” July 2023: Setting the Wheels in Motion: New STEMcyclists Summer Camp Transforms STEM Learning - Graduate School of Education - University at Buffalo, University at Buffalo Graduate School of Education, 20 July 2023, ed.buffalo.edu/news-events/ed-matters/2023-07.html.
González y Hernández, A. “Bicycle physics as a field activity.” Journal of Physics: Conference Series, vol. 1286, no. 1, 1 Aug. 2019, p. 012029, https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1286/1/012029.
Jones, G. J., Edwards, M. B., Bocarro, J. N., Bunds, K. S., & Smith, J. W. (2016). An integrative review of sport-based youth development literature. Sport in Society, 20(1), 161–179. https://doi.org/10.1080/17430437.2015.1124569
Schulenkorf, N., Sherry, E., & Rowe, K. (2016). Sport for Development: An Integrated Literature Review. Journal of Sport Management, 30(1), 22-39. Retrieved Mar 20, 2025, from https://doi.org/10.1123/jsm.2014-0263
Commers T, Theeboom M, Coalter F. Exploring the design of a sport for employability program: A case study. Front Sports Act Living. 2022;4:942479. Published 2022 Oct 25. doi:10.3389/fspor.2022.942479
FUN - Cycling participation can be purposeful, competitive and fun in socially unifying ways. As participants or spectators, cycling brings people together! This can be seen at events as huge as the Tour de France, as local as the Tour of America's Dairyland, or as quaint as the kiddie and fun races at a Farmer's Market or County Fair. (see Appendix C)
Bowles HR, Rissel C, Bauman A. Mass community cycling events: who participates and is their behaviour influenced by participation? Int J Behav Nutr Phys Act. 2006 Nov 7;3:39. doi: 10.1186/1479-5868-3-39. PMID: 17090328; PMCID: PMC1647288.
Zhou, R., & Kaplanidou, K. (2017). Building social capital from sport event participation: An exploration of the social impacts of participatory sport events on the community. Sport Management Review, 21(5), 491–503. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.smr.2017.11.001
Teare G, Taks M. Sport Events for Sport Participation: A Scoping Review. Front Sports Act Living. 2021 May 19;3:655579. doi: 10.3389/fspor.2021.655579. PMID: 34095825; PMCID: PMC8170037.
Willem A, De Rycke J, Theeboom M. The Role of Autonomous and Controlled Motivation in Exercise Intentions of Participants in a Mass Cycling Event. Front Psychol. 2017 Mar 16;8:354. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.00354. PMID: 28360871; PMCID: PMC5352708.
Fuller D, Gauvin L, Kestens Y, Daniel M, Fournier M, Morency P, Drouin L. Impact evaluation of a public bicycle share program on cycling: a case example of BIXI in Montreal, Quebec. Am J Public Health. 2013 Mar;103(3):e85-92. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2012.300917. Epub 2013 Jan 17. PMID: 23327280; PMCID: PMC3673500.
The Special Value of Children’s Age-Mixed Play by Peter Gray
(Mandolesi et al. 2018; Chen et al. 2020; Philippot et al. 2022)
(Philippot et al. 2022; Carek, Laibstain, and Carek 2011)
(Wang et al. 2022)
(Piercy et al. 2018)
(Lewallen et al. 2015)
(Barr-Anderson et al. 2008)
(Barbour & Mannering 2023)
(Ding, Ding, and Feng 2023)
(Dementyev et al. 2023)